Final answer:
The bias in this situation is negative.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bias in relative risk estimation refers to a systematic error or deviation from the true relative risk in a study or research analysis. The relative risk is a measure commonly used in epidemiology and statistical analysis to quantify the strength of association between an exposure or risk factor and an outcome.
The bias in this situation can be indicated by comparing the true relative risk (RR) value with the observed/estimated RR value. In this case, the true RR is 5.0, while the observed/estimated RR is 3.0. Since the observed/estimated RR is lower than the true RR, there is a negative bias in the situation.