Final answer:
Researchers compared the efficacy of a new HPV vaccine to the existing one to prevent HPV infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is an example of Health as the subject and High School as the grade. Researchers were investigating whether a new HPV vaccine is better than the existing one to prevent HPV infection. By comparing the efficacy of the new vaccine to the existing one, they can determine which vaccine is more effective at preventing the infection. This research falls under the field of Biology as it deals with understanding and preventing diseases.