Final answer:
The mission that arrived at Jupiter in July 2016 is Juno, which is in an eccentric orbit designed to study the planet's origin, atmosphere, magnetosphere, and pole regions, offering a more detailed analysis than previous missions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mission that arrived at Jupiter in July 2016 is the Juno spacecraft. This mission is focused on studying Jupiter's origin, interior, atmosphere, and magnetosphere. Unlike its predecessors, Juno is in a highly eccentric orbit around Jupiter, which allows it to pass close to the planet's poles and provides unprecedented views and data from those regions. The orbit of Juno ranges from 4 thousand kilometers above Jupiter's cloud tops at its closest, out to 76 thousand kilometers at its furthest point. Its unique vantage point is intended to offer new insights into the gas giant's structure and magnetic field, which prior missions such as Voyager, Galileo, and Pioneer missions had not been designed to explore in such detail. These prior missions were more focused on Jupiter's moons and quick flyby data, while Juno aims for a comprehensive study of the Jovian system.