Final answer:
The incorrect option is 'People on the surface of Earth are exposed to increased amounts of dangerous x-ray radiation.' Earth's atmosphere protects the surface from most harmful radiation. Other potential effects of solar storms include intense auroras, satellite damage, radio blackouts, and power grid failures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the possible effects of a solar geomagnetic storm hitting Earth, the option that is not correct is 'People on the surface of Earth are exposed to increased amounts of dangerous x-ray radiation.' While solar storms can increase radiation levels, bringing hazards for astronauts and passengers in high-flying airplanes, the Earth's atmosphere provides a protective shield that absorbs the majority of harmful X-ray and ultraviolet radiation, making it less dangerous for individuals on the surface.
Solar storms have a wide range of impacts, including more intense auroras that are visible farther from the poles, potential damage to satellites in near-Earth orbit, and radio blackouts causing disruptions in communications. In addition to these, there is the possibility of disruption of power transmission and electrical power grid failures due to induced currents in power lines.
The Earth's magnetic field acts as a shield against the full brunt of solar storm effects, but the induced electrical currents can still have severe consequences on human technology and infrastructure.