Final answer:
In the context of multinational corporations (MNCs), the country where an MNC operates is referred to as the host country, and the country where the MNC is headquartered is known as the home country.
Step-by-step explanation:
A state in which a foreign Multinational Corporation (MNC) operates is called the host country, whereas the state where the MNC has its headquarters is called the home country. An MNC has its headquarters in one nation and manages its operations in multiple other countries. These global businesses, such as Exxon Mobil, Amazon, and Apple, can exert significant influence on international trade, workers' rights, and environmental policies due to their economic power and multinational presence. While they contribute to the GDP, and business cycle, and generate jobs in their host countries, they also face criticism for labor exploitation and pressuring host countries to pass laws favorable to their interests.