Final answer:
Power transition theory categorizes major powers as either dissatisfied, who seek to change the status quo, or satisfied, who strive to maintain it. This theory helps explain global conflicts and shifts in international relations, offering insight into the drives of different state actors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The power transition theory divides major powers into two groups: dissatisfied powers who seek to change the status quo, and satisfied powers who seek to maintain the status quo. Dissatisfied powers are typically those that feel undervalued or underrepresented by the current international system and therefore push for changes that would benefit their interests, often leading to conflicts or shifts in power dynamics. On the other hand, satisfied powers are content with the existing balance and work to preserve it, as it serves their interests. This dichotomy reflects broader themes of international relations, where the struggle for power and influence defines the interactions between states.
Historically, shifts in the balance of power can have dramatic effects on global stability. During the Cold War, for example, the bipolar division of global power between the United States and the Soviet Union created a delicate balance that influenced international relations for decades. Changes sought or resisted by major powers can shape geopolitical alliances, economic relationships, and global security.