Final answer:
Emir Feisal, with the advisory support of T.E. Lawrence, led the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, which was part of a larger pattern of nationalist and ethnic movements seeking independence during the early 20th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emir Feisal led the Arab rebel army under the influence of T.E. Lawrence, who served as his military advisor during the Arab Revolt of 1916. This revolt was part of a larger series of events where different ethnic and nationalist groups sought independence from the ruling Ottoman Empire. The British government, seeing an opportunity to weaken the Ottomans, supported the rebels and promised them an independent Arab state. However, it was not until the defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire that Arabian regions achieved a form of independence. Feisal ibn Hussein, assisted by T.E. Lawrence, played a key role in the revolt, and he was later made the king of Iraq, as part of the aftershocks of World War I which reshaped national boundaries and leadership in the then Ottoman territory.
In the broader context of Arab nationalism, figures like Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt emerged, preaching pan-Arabism and leading movements against colonial influence and for national sovereignty. The Ottoman Empire's declining power allowed various nationalist movements and visionary leaders to challenge the status quo and redraw the map of the Middle East, with variegated degrees of success and enduring political ramifications.