Final answer:
Power is the ability to exercise control over others in the long term, while authority is an element of power that allows for short-term influence. Power can be subtle or coercive, and it influences social groups, organizations, and governments. Authority is considered legitimate when it aligns with rules and regulations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Power is the ability to exercise one's will over others in the long term, while authority is an element of power that allows an actor to exercise influence in the short term. Power can be conceptualized as both subtle and coercive, and it can shape dynamics in social groups, organizations, and governments. Authority is seen as legitimate if it is used in ways consistent with rules and regulations.