Final answer:
The Barbary Corsairs' culture was predominantly Muslim but not exclusively, with a syncretic blend in regions like East Africa. Islam in North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula saw a diverse cultural mix, including religious tolerance and exchange of technological knowledge with Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The culture of the Barbary Corsairs was not exclusively Muslim, although Islam was the predominant religion among them. The Bantu peoples of East Africa who practiced a syncretic form of Islam and the Berbers of North Africa, who may have seen themselves as better Muslims compared to their rulers, contribute to the rich tapestry of Islamic culture in history. While Islam spread across North Africa and into the Iberian Peninsula, leading to a diverse community united by a shared historical tradition and core beliefs, this community included Muslims, Christians, and Jews, especially evident in the relative tolerance of the Iberian Muslims prior to the Reconquista.
Conversion to Islam among various North African and Iberian communities did not lead to a monolithic cultural expression. Different interpretations and practices of Islam were present, acknowledging some pre-Islamic beliefs and integrating with local customs, resulting in variations like ancestor veneration and the retention of women's status in certain Muslim societies. The influence of Islamic culture is also reflected in trade, architecture, and societal integration with the rest of Europe, particularly through technological advancements that aided in exploration and navigation.