Final answer:
Jacobean architecture, popular during King James I's early 17th-century reign, incorporates Renaissance motifs with Elizabethan elements, as seen in works like Hatfield House. The later 17th century witnessed the English Baroque style, as promoted by Sir Christopher Wren. These architectural developments paralleled significant political shifts such as the Glorious Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jacobean Architecture and the Reign of King James I
Jacobean architecture refers to the style of architecture that was popular during the reign of King James I of England in the early 17th century. This architectural period followed the Elizabethan style and is noted for its adoption of ornate and detailed Renaissance motifs, such as columns and pilasters, round arch arcades, and flat roofs with openwork parapets. Notable examples of Jacobean architecture include Hatfield House, Knole House, and Holland House. The style was not as rigid in its application of classical elements as the later work of Inigo Jones, who introduced the Palladian architecture to England. It freely synthesized classical details with traditional Elizabethan aspects, which can be seen in the design of structures as illustrated by the architect John Thorpe.
In contrast, the later 17th century saw the rise of English Baroque architecture, influenced by Sir Christopher Wren, especially after the Great Fire of London in 1666. English Baroque is characterized by heavy structures and elaborate decorations, but with more understated classical features as compared to its European counterparts. This shift in architecture paralleled the political changes of the era, with King James II attempting to centralize power in a manner akin to his French Catholic cousin Louis XIV, leading to the Glorious Revolution and the subsequent Protestant reign of William and Mary.