Final answer:
A dictionary attack is a technique hackers use to gain access to a network by trying a user ID with every word in a dictionary. Strong, complex passwords and security measures like account lockout policies can help prevent these attacks. Implementing multi-factor authentication is also recommended for enhanced security.
Step-by-step explanation:
A dictionary attack occurs when a hacker uses programs that try a combination of a user ID and every word in a dictionary to gain access to the network. Hackers resort to this method as one of the simpler forms of brute force to crack passwords. The attacker automates the process of entering thousands of words from pre-arranged lists, usually sourced from dictionaries, aiming to eventually hit the correct combination and bypass security measures.
However, security-conscious users utilize strong, complex passwords that include a combination of letters, numbers, and special characters, which are not easily guessed by dictionary attacks. Additionally, the implementation of account lockouts after a certain number of failed attempts can thwart these types of attacks.
To protect against such vulnerabilities, it is vital for both users and administrators to be aware of the importance of using secure passwords and to take appropriate measures such as multi-factor authentication to safeguard their accounts.