Final answer:
A matrix organizational structure is an organizational structure in which each employee reports to both a functional or division manager and to a project or group manager. It allows for better coordination and communication and a greater focus on project-specific goals.
Step-by-step explanation:
An organizational structure in which each employee reports to both a functional or division manager and to a project or group manager is known as a matrix organizational structure. In this structure, employees have two reporting lines, one for their functional role and one for their project or group role. This type of structure is often used in organizations that work on complex projects or have multiple divisions or departments.
For example, let's say you work in a marketing department of a large company. You may have a functional manager in the marketing department who oversees your day-to-day work and provides guidance on marketing strategies. At the same time, if you are assigned to a specific project or campaign, you may also have a project manager who is responsible for the successful execution of that project. The matrix organizational structure allows for better coordination and communication between different functions or divisions within the organization, as well as a greater focus on project-specific goals. However, it can also create complexities in terms of reporting lines and decision-making.