Final answer:
Personnel selection is the process of choosing the most likely individuals to succeed on the job, which involves matching candidates' knowledge, skills, and abilities with the job's requirements in I-O psychology. Employers aim to choose candidates that improve competitiveness and effectiveness while promoting diversity and inclusiveness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The act of choosing from those that are available the individuals most likely to succeed on the job refers to personnel selection. This process is significant in industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology, where the focus is on identifying individuals whose talents and abilities align with the job's requirements. The goal is to find the best match through job analysis, which can be task-oriented or worker-oriented, assessing candidates' knowledge, skills, abilities, and even personalities to determine job fit.
Employers may also consider the 'fit' within the organizational culture, potentially leading to a diverse and effective workforce. However, it's essential to approach selection with a balance, ensuring candidates are chosen based on merit and ability to contribute to the organization's success, while also fostering diversity and inclusiveness. Selection acts at the individual level and aims to identify those with the greatest potential to enhance the company's competitive edge and evolutionary fitness within the market.