Final answer:
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is the technology that allows a single fiber-optic connection to carry multiple light signals simultaneously, making use of the fibers' low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk properties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technology used with fiber-optic cable, which enables one fiber-optic connection to carry multiple light signals simultaneously is known as Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). This technology exploits the properties of the optical fibers which use the transmission of light down fibers of plastic or glass by applying the principle of total internal reflection. In WDM, multiple laser signals each at different wavelengths (or colors) of light are combined and transmitted through the same optical fiber. At the receiving end, these signals are separated back into their original wavelengths, allowing for multiple communications channels to operate through a single optical fiber.
Advantages of using fiber optics in communication systems include low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk compared to electrical (copper)-based systems. These underpin its ability to transmit data over long distances without significant signal loss. Additionally, the unique characteristics of laser radiation used in fiber optics facilitate the carrying of a substantially higher number of conversations than is possible with electrical signals.