Final answer:
The principle outlined in the Constitution that has been and remains the topic of the greatest amount of controversy is the relative power of the state and federal governments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principle outlined in the Constitution that has been and remains the topic of the greatest amount of controversy is the relative power of the state and federal governments. The framers of the Constitution believed in a strong federal government that could maintain an army and navy, impose taxes, and enforce laws passed by Congress. However, many people resisted granting extensive powers to the national government and advocated for states' rights.