Final answer:
After their first year, managers tend to assert more formal authority, engage in directive communication, see themselves as the leader, and increasingly use positive reinforcement. These changes are pivotal as a manager holds significant influence over a person's career progression and overall job satisfaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to exercise more formal authority, do less listening and more telling, view themselves as the boss, and use more positive reinforcement. Hence, the correct answer is e. do all of these.
The person who has the most influence in your career and job satisfaction is your manager. A manager's recommendations can greatly affect your prospects for training, raises, promotions, and may shape the upper management's opinion of you, impacting your overall work experience.
To ensure a productive relationship with your manager, it's advisable to remain flexible, convey interest in the organization's mission, respond professionally to feedback, and proactively engage in your role. Over time, you'll likely need to adapt your goals and approach as your understanding of the job and organization evolves.