Question

For each of the following muscle groups determine if there will be eccentric or concentric muscle action during the downward phase of a slow squat:

a. Vastus lateralis
b. Soleus
c. Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

During the downward phase of a slow squat, the vastus lateralis, soleus, and gluteus maximus all undergo eccentric contractions as they lengthen under tension to control the movement.

Step-by-step explanation:

During the downward phase of a slow squat, the following muscle actions occur:

• Vastus lateralis: Eccentric contraction.
• Soleus: Eccentric contraction.
• Gluteus Maximus: Eccentric contraction.

Eccentric contractions are characterized by the lengthening of the muscle under tension, which is what happens to these muscles during the lowering phase of a squat. This type of contraction helps to control the descent and stabilize the joints. For instance, the vastus lateralis, a component of the quadriceps group, lengthens while maintaining tension to control the lowering of the body. Similarly, the soleus, part of the calf muscles, also lengthens to help manage the descent while maintaining postural stability. The gluteus maximus, the largest muscle in the posterior chain, controls the hip flexion by lengthening during the descent of the squat. All of these muscles work together to ensure a controlled and balanced movement that engages the lower body effectively.