Final answer:
Hans Holbein the Younger painted the portrait of King Henry VIII in 1540, which is considered an original Holbein piece after recent research, and it is known for its exquisite detail and powerful representation of the monarch.
Step-by-step explanation:
The portrait of England's King Henry VIII dressed in the clothes he wore when he married Anne of Cleves was painted by Hans Holbein the Younger. This iconic 1540 oil on panel painting is housed at the Palazzo Barberini in Rome. Although there have been some questions raised regarding the painting's attribution, suggesting it could have been the work of Holbein's workshop or even a later copy, recent research supports that it is an original work by Holbein. Holbein was appointed as the King's Painter in 1537 and is famously known for his ability to render his subjects with a powerful physical presence while maintaining the psychological reserve and elegance of a court setting. His technique in portraying the intricate details of dress is particularly remarkable, as evidenced in his portrait of the future King Edward VI as a child, where the attention to fabric and adornment details endows the painting with realism and grandeur.