Final answer:
Identity moratorium is a positive stage in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development where adolescents explore various identities before committing to one, ultimately aiding in solidifying their adult identity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Identity Moratorium According to Erikson and Marcia
According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, and Marcia's expansion on Erikson's work, identity moratorium is described as a stage where an adolescent is actively exploring various identities and roles but has yet to make a commitment to any particular identity. This is considered a necessary and positive state on the path to establishing a true sense of self or adult identity, which aligns best with option (a). During this stage, the individual is testing different selves to see which best fits their beliefs and values. Identity moratorium should not be seen as a negative state, nor a time of being adrift without goals, and it is not a stage that can simply be skipped in the path to finding one's adult identity.