Final answer:
The challenges of going to class despite wanting to sleep and conquering shyness to ask the teacher a question relate to emotional regulation, and are examples of self-regulation or will power. Jane's belief that her grade is due to her professor's dislike for her is an indication of an external locus of control. Confidence in one's own abilities is known as self-efficacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct term for the challenges described in the statement "I'll go to class today even though I'd rather sleep" and "I'll conquer my shyness and ask the teacher that question" is emotional regulation. This involves managing one's emotions to achieve goals, handle challenges effectively, and maintain a level of psychological wellbeing. Emotional regulation is closely related to the concept of self-regulation, also known as will power, which reflects the ability to control impulses and delay gratification in order to pursue long-term goals, as shown in the classic marshmallow test by Mischel.
Jane, who believes that she got a bad grade because her professor doesn't like her, is exhibiting an external locus of control. This means she attributes her outcomes to external factors rather than her own actions or efforts.
Finally, the level of confidence in one's own abilities is referred to as self-efficacy. People with high self-efficacy approach challenges positively, seeing them as tasks to be mastered, and they maintain a strong commitment towards their activities, bouncing back quickly from setbacks.