Question

Historian a and historian b have different interpretations about: historian a: the expansion of the mongol empire was one of the most disastrous events in human history. the mongols killed millions of people during their conquests, spreading fear and death everywhere they went. people across europe and asia should have been able to devote themselves to scientific and cultural growth, but they were instead forced to fight or flee the mongol hordes. historian b: the mongol empire presided over a period of peace and stability now known as the pax mongolica. though the mongols built their empire through warfare, the lands they conquered often became more peaceful. after all, few leaders could hope to survive a fight against the mongol armies. the mongols also built and secured roads, making it possible for people to safely travel throughout europe and asia. this helped new products, ideas, and cultures to spread farther than ever before.

Option 1: The Mongol Empire's tactics for expanding its territory.
Option 2: The Mongol Empire's influence on Asian and European culture.
Option 3: The Mongol Empire's ability to build and secure roads in its territories.
Option 4: The Mongol Empire's political and economic systems.

Answer 1

Historians differ on the impact of the Mongol Empire: while some see it as destructive, others acknowledge its role in fostering commerce and cultural exchange during the Pax Mongolica.

Step-by-step explanation:

Differing Perspectives on the Mongol Empire's Impact

The expansion and governance of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan brought profound changes to Eurasia in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Historians debate the empire's dual nature: while some view it as a period of terror and destruction, others see the Pax Mongolica as a time of peace and increased cultural and commercial exchanges. Advances in siege technology and the construction of bridges facilitated the Mongol conquests and the empire's vast network of trade routes. The relay stations ("örtöö") allowed for safer and more efficient travel, promoting exchange and contact between diverse peoples. Despite its short lifespan of roughly 150 years, the empire's impact on commerce, communication, and cultural connections was significant, although its long-term influence on regional developments remains debated.