Final answer:
Function k is k(x) = c · p(x), where c is a constant scale factor, resulting in either a stretch or shrink of the graph of function p.
Step-by-step explanation:
When function k is a transformation of function p due to a scale factor, we can express k in terms of p using function notation. If the scale factor is c, where c is a constant, then the equation for k can be written as k(x) = c · p(x). This means that for any input x, the value of function k at x is c times the value of function p at x.
In other words, the entire graph of function p is scaled by a factor of c to produce the graph of function k. If c is greater than 1, the transformation results in a stretch; if c is between 0 and 1, it results in a shrink.