Final answer:
The 'megaron' is a key feature of Mycenaean architecture, defined as a rectangular hall with a central hearth, columns, and a porch, which later influenced Greek temple designs. Examples of megarons can be seen in ancient citadels like Pylos and Tiryns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term megaron refers to a rectangular hall, fronted by an open, two-columned porch, characteristic of Mycenaean architecture. This structure frequently contained a central open hearth, which was vented through an oculus in the roof above it and encircled by four columns to support the roof.
A definitive example of a megaron layout can be seen in the citadels of the ancient Mycenaean civilization, such as the ones found in Pylos and Tiryns. The main room of these megarons often had a throne placed against one wall, and the central hearth bordered by four wooden columns.
The megaron was typically accessed through a courtyard, often decorated with a colonnade on three sides, demonstrating a significant element of Mycenaean palatial architecture. As such, it constituted an important precursor to later Greek temple designs.