Final answer:
Henri Fayol's 14 principles include Division of Work, Authority, Discipline, Unity of Command and Direction, Subordination of Individual Interests, Remuneration, Centralization, Scalar Chain, Order, Equity, Stability of Tenure, Initiative, and Esprit de Corps, which are meant to guide effective management and organizational efficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
Henri Fayol's 14 Principles of Management are a framework for organizational design and effective management. These principles were established to guide managers in improving efficiency and productivity within their teams and organizations. The principles include:
- Division of Work: Specialization increases output by making employees more efficient.
- Authority: Managers must have the authority to give orders, but they must also keep in mind that with authority comes responsibility.
- Discipline: Employees must obey and respect the rules that govern the organization.
- Unity of Command: Each employee should receive orders from only one superior.
- Unity of Direction: The organization should have a single plan of action to guide employees.
- Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest: The interest of the organization should come first.
- Remuneration: Workers must be paid fairly for their services.
- Centralization: The degree of centralization should depend on the context of the organization.
- Scalar Chain: There should be a clear line in the hierarchy from top to bottom of the organization.
- Order: There must be an orderly place for each individual and for each item.
- Equity: Employees must be treated justly.
- Stability of Tenure of Personnel: High employee turnover is inefficient.
- Initiative: Employees should be allowed to express new ideas.
- Esprit de Corps: Promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the organization.
Understanding and implementing Fayol's principles can lead to a more efficient, structured, and successful organization, echoing the theories in industrial and organizational psychology, and scientific management's focus on efficiency.