Final answer:
The concepts discussed are related to accounting and utilities management, where a bill is derived from an account and payments are made in segmented portions according to the terms of a service agreement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationships mentioned in the question refer to concepts typically found within the field of accounting or utilities management. A bill is a statement of charges or fees for services rendered, linked to an account which is a record of financial transactions. A bill segment could refer to a portion or category of charges on the bill, while a service agreement (SA) is a contract stipulating the terms of service provision.
As for the second part, an account could make payments towards a bill, which are often split into payment segments, similar to bill segments, each corresponding to a part of the total payment. The SA mentioned likely refers to the aforementioned service agreement, which outlines the conditions under which services are provided and payments are to be made.