Final answer:
The major economic goal for Pacific South American countries is to improve access to education for all citizens, as it fosters human capital development vital for economic growth and attracting foreign investments.
Step-by-step explanation:
One major economic goal for Pacific South American countries is to improve access to education for all citizens. Low-income countries need to adopt market-oriented government policies that prioritize the education of the workforce and broader population. A focus on human capital development is essential for escaping poverty traps and attracting foreign aid and investment. To support this, South American countries are challenged by their historical segmentation due to European colonialism, which did not encourage internal continental trade, while trade agreements like NAFTA have created competitive external trading blocs. However, the implementation of CAFTA has sought to help multinational corporations utilize the labor pool in the region, and the U.S. has played a significant role both politically and economically in influencing trade in South America.
Globalization and trade dynamics have encouraged South American countries to explore economic strategies that focus on improving education, which in turn can lead to increased innovation and technological advancement. This necessitates a stable political and macroeconomic environment that can foster growth and make the region more attractive for foreign investment.