Question

Using this sheet, write in examples of each cognitive error that you observe in your friends, roommates, or acquaintances. Be able to explain how the example reflects the cognitive error. Cognitive Error Description Example Explanation Overgeneralization Drawing a global conclusion on the basis of a single fact Selective abstraction ​ Focusing on a single, insignificant detail while ignoring more important features of a situation Personalization Incorrectly taking responsibility for negative events in the world Magnification and minimization Evaluating a situation by magnifying small, negative events and minimizing large, positive events Arbitrary inference Drawing a conclusion in the absence of sufficient evidence Dichotomous thinking Seeing things as reflecting one extreme or another (that is, black versus white)

Answer 1

In daily life, cognitive errors manifest through overgeneralizing experiences, magnifying small issues, personalizing global events, oversimplifying situations, obsessing over minor details, and drawing conclusions without adequate evidence.

In daily life, cognitive errors often shape our perceptions and reactions. For instance, a friend might conclude all restaurants in a city are bad based on one disappointing experience (Overgeneralization). Another might obsess over a small mistake.

Disregarding numerous achievements .Someone blaming themselves for a global crisis demonstrates Personalization, while seeing situations as either all good or all bad leads to oversimplified judgments.

Focusing excessively on a single scratch on a shared table and ignoring its overall good condition reflects Selective Abstraction. Lastly, drawing conclusions about failure based on minimal evidence from a teacher's ambiguous comment showcases Arbitrary Inference.