Final answer:
Conformity to societal norms is key to whether an individual fits in or stands out in society. Norms include both formal and informal guidelines for behavior, and adherence to these norms can be influenced by reference groups, especially among young people. Deviance from these norms is linked to social functions and can lead to social change.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that best reflects the relationship between norms and whether an individual "fits in" to society is that conformity is closely related to how well an individual adheres to societal or group norms. These norms dictate the behavior that society deems acceptable. When a person conforms to these norms, they are generally seen as fitting in, while non-conformity may lead to social isolation or ridicule. For instance, in a high school setting, a student who dresses according to the prevalent fashion may fit in more readily than one who wears clothing that drastically deviates from what is expected. The desire to fit in or stand out plays a significant role in conformity. Social institutions, through formal norms such as laws and conduct requirements, reinforce these behaviors and expectations.
Social norms include both formal norms, like laws and regulations, and informal norms, which are unspoken but understood rules of behavior. Conformity to these norms can be influenced by reference groups, which are groups that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior. This influence is particularly strong among young people. Deviance from norms, as discussed by sociologists like Emile Durkheim and Robert Merton, serves a function in society, highlighting the boundaries of acceptable behavior and potentially leading to social change.