Final answer:
Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins, similar to how glucose is to carbohydrates, and are essential in various biological functions and structures. The correct option is Amino acids.
Step-by-step explanation:
Just as glucose is the basic building block of carbohydrates, amino acids are the basic building blocks of protein. This question relates to the fundamental concepts of biology which defines what constitutes the fundamental units of macromolecules essential for life. Proteins play a crucial role in living organisms, involved in metabolism, structural support, and as carriers or hormones. They are formed when amino acids link together through peptide bonds in a process involving dehydration reactions. These amino acids each possess a unique side chain that determines the properties and function of the resulting protein.