Final answer:
The fill-in for the blank in the question is 'Configuration management,' an essential system in project management for centrally managing changes and maintaining project consistency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct fill-in for the blank in the question "A/An __________ system with integrated change control provides a standardized, effective, and efficient way to centrally manage approved changes and baselines within a project." is C. Configuration management.
A configuration management system is an essential part of project management that ensures all changes made to a project's design, methods, or execution are carefully managed and recorded, making sure that the project remains consistent and aligned with its goals. This system minimizes the potential for unnecessary disruptions and enables the central management of changes and baselines.