Final answer:
To protect computers from destructive high-frequency noise in AC power, a plug-in unit such as a surge protector often uses a large inductance to filter out high frequencies. AC power can be harmful to computers due to short circuits and power surges, with high voltages increasing the risk. Overheating prevention is managed with fuses and circuit breakers, which limit excessive currents.
Step-by-step explanation:
The AC power connected to a computer can be most destructive as a result of short circuits and power surges. To protect computers from high-frequency noise in AC power, a plug-in unit such as a surge protector or filter would use a large inductance or capacitance. A large inductance is typically used in series with the computer to filter out high frequencies. This is because inductors oppose changes in current, especially at high frequencies, effectively reducing the potential damage to the computer.
Shocks from AC can be more harmful than DC shocks because AC shocks, which include high-frequency components, can cause more severe physiological reactions and are capable of creating more destructive thermal effects. Moreover, high voltages like 480-V AC used in industrial applications can lead to short circuits with low resistance, rapidly escalating into dangerous situations due to the rapid increase in thermal energy.
To address overheating issues, fuses and circuit breakers are installed to prevent excessive current, which can lead to wires being overloaded and potentially catching fire or causing damage. Therefore, using surge protectors or filters that incorporate large inductors are vital in safeguarding computer systems from high-frequency noise and surges in AC power.