Final answer:
Neurologists study eye movements to assess the health of the nervous system, where issues like internuclear ophthalmoplegia and convergence can indicate neurological disorders. These examinations, alongside other tools like EEG and CT scans, help in diagnosing and understanding neurological conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurologists study eye movements to diagnose and understand neurological conditions. Testing eye movements involves patient responses to visual stimuli, like following the tip of a pen with their eyes. Conjugate movements and the ability to abduct and adduct the eyes appropriately through the function of extraocular muscles, including the lateral rectus and medial recti, and the coordination of nerves like the oculomotor nerve, provide critical information about the health of the nervous system.
Deficits in eye movements, such as internuclear ophthalmoplegia, can lead to symptoms like diplopia, or double vision. Additionally, the coordination required for the accommodation-convergence reflex, which allows us to focus on near objects, can reveal information about potential neurological problems or the impact of aging on the visual system. Neurologists may also employ tools such as EEG and CT scans to further diagnose brain and nervous system disorders.