Final answer:
A Flight Duty Period (FDP) ends when the aircraft lands and reaches its parking position with the parking brake set, often referred to as "blocks in". The correct answer is option b.
Step-by-step explanation:
A Flight Duty Period (FDP) is a term used to describe the time during which flight crew are on duty and includes not only the flight time but also any duty the crew is performing, such as pre-flight planning and post-flight duties. The ending of an FDP is quite specific as it is intended to ensure both the safety of the crew and passengers. Under regulations, an FDP ends when the aircraft lands and reaches its parking position with the parking brake set, which is commonly referred to as "blocks in". At this point, the crew is no longer required to be at the controls, and the responsibility for the passengers and the aircraft is formally concluded.
Understanding when an FDP ends is crucial for compliance with aviation regulations regarding crew rest periods and to manage the risks of fatigue. Aviation authorities, like the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States or the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in Europe, closely monitor and regulate duty times to ensure safety. Overextending an FDP can lead to fatigue, which significantly increases the risk of errors during flight operations.
The completion of an FDP is also an important consideration for airline operations, impacting scheduling, staffing, and legal compliance. It sets the limit on the working hours of a crew member before mandatory rest periods are required.
Therefore, the correct option is b) When the aircraft lands.