Question

A process that is endothermic and has an increase in entropy may or may not be spontaneous, depending on:

a) The temperature of the system.
b) The pressure of the system.
c) The concentration of reactants.
d) The type of reactants involved.

Answer 1

A process that is endothermic and shows an increase in entropy can be spontaneous depending on the temperature of the system, as indicated by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS.

Step-by-step explanation:

A process that is endothermic and has an increase in entropy may or may not be spontaneous. The deciding factor for the spontaneity of such a process is a) The temperature of the system.

In thermodynamics, spontaneity is often assessed using the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) of a process, which takes into account both the enthalpy change (ΔH) and the entropy change (ΔS) according to the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. This means that even if a process is endothermic (ΔH > 0), it can still be spontaneous at high temperatures if the entropy increase (ΔS > 0) is sufficient to overcome the enthalpy term when multiplied by the temperature (T).