Final answer:
Before the war, Warsaw was nicknamed 'Paris of the East,' 'Pearl of the Vistula,' and 'Phoenix City.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The nickname of Warsaw before the war was (d) All of the above, referring to Warsaw being known as the "Paris of the East," the "Pearl of the Vistula," and "Phoenix City." This reflects the city's rich cultural heritage, beauty, and its historical resilience in the face of adversity. Warsaw's spirit of resistance was further exemplified during World War II, particularly during the Warsaw ghetto uprising against Nazi oppression in 1943, where Jewish residents exhibited heroic efforts despite facing tragic outcomes.