Final answer:
Caffeine metabolism slows down during pregnancy due to hormonal changes, leading to an increased half-life of caffeine in the mother’s body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns caffeine metabolism during pregnancy, specifically how it changes. During pregnancy, hormonal changes, particularly increases in estrogen and progesterone, result in a slowed metabolism of various substances, including caffeine. Hence, the correct answer to the question is c) Caffeine half-life increases due to hormonal changes. This is because these hormonal changes, which are essential for maintaining pregnancy and supporting the fetus's growth, lead to an elevated half-life of caffeine in the pregnant individual's system.
Moreover, the fetus is not equipped to metabolize caffeine effectively as their enzymes are still developing and do not contribute significantly to caffeine metabolism.