Final answer:
Compensating controls are the management, operational, or technical controls employed by an agency in lieu of prescribed controls in the low, moderate, or high security control baselines, which provide equivalent or comparable protection for an information system. An example of a compensating control is implementing a secure VPN connection when a device does not support multi-factor authentication (MFA).
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is A) Compensating Controls.
Compensating controls are the management, operational, or technical controls implemented by an agency to provide equivalent or comparable protection for an information system when the prescribed controls in the low, moderate, or high security control baselines cannot be fully implemented. These controls are put in place to mitigate risks and ensure the security of the information system.
For example, if an organization's security policy requires that all employees use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to access sensitive information, but an employee's device does not support MFA, the organization may implement a compensating control such as requiring the employee to use a separate secure VPN connection.