Final answer:
The question confuses B.W. Bacon, a New Testament scholar, with Francis Bacon, a philosopher and scientist. B.W. Bacon theorized that the Gospel of Matthew is structured into twelve chapters with specific literary analysis tools to understand its narrative.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure of Matthew according to the theory of B.W. Bacon describes the Gospel of Matthew as being divided into twelve distinct chapters. This division is part of Bacon's literary analysis, where the Gospel's structure is seen through a lens similar to the analysis of a myth - identifying binary oppositions, mythemes, and primary messages within the text. However, there may be some confusion in the question as it references Francis Bacon, under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license by Libre Texts, while the theory in question relates to B.W. Bacon. Thus the proper attribution should be to Benjamin Wisner Bacon, who is known for his work on New Testament studies and not to Francis Bacon, known for his contributions to philosophy and scientific methodology.
The structure of Matthew can be described according to the theory of BW Bacon. In the Ebbo Gospels, Matthew is depicted hunched over, as if frantically writing on his codex. However, in the Coronation Gospels, Matthew's posture is more upright and relaxed, with his pen grazing his chin. This difference in posture and action conveys a sense of energy and pause in thought.