Final answer:
The Progressive Era was characterized by efforts to perfect democracy, emphasis on efficiency and expertise, and a diverse range of social justice movements driven by muckraking journalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Several characteristics defined the Progressive Era, a period of social and political reform in the United States from the 1890s to the early 1920s. One key characteristic was the effort to perfect democracy, which involved expanding suffrage and restricting political participation for those deemed unfit. Progressives strived for efficiency, relying on science and technology, and valuing the expertise of professionals. They called for government regulation to address market economy issues and saw themselves as agents of social justice and reform. Reform campaigns often began as grassroots initiatives, and the muckraking journalists played a critical role in highlighting social inequities and stirring public action. Diverse causes such as safe working conditions, prohibition of alcohol, and democratic voting processes were promoted by different groups under the Progressive umbrella.