Final answer:
The primary reason for the Russian Revolution of 1917 was a combination of internal unrest and external factors such as long-standing problems, suppression of rights, and food shortages, along with the impact of World War I. The rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and the Bolsheviks, who promised to end the war and provide reforms, gained them support from the peasants and workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary reason for the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the combination of internal unrest and external factors. Growing discontent among the Russian people due to long-standing problems, suppression of rights, and food shortages, combined with the impact of World War I, led to the collapse of the tsarist government and the rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks promised to end the war, provide landownership for farmers, and collective ownership of factories for urban workers, which gained them support from the peasants and workers.