Final answer:
Manicurists need to complete a varying number of training hours, commonly more than 100, to work on patrons safely. Salons must follow strict hygienic practices and undergo licensing and inspections. Safe professional manicures or pedicures also depend on using products free from harmful chemicals.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the field of cosmetology, nail technicians, including manicurists, are often required to complete a certain number of training hours before they can work on patrons. This requirement varies by region but commonly includes more than 100 hours of specialized training. Once this training is complete, technicians must pass state board examinations to be certified and licensed to practice.
To minimize health risks and ensure that a professional manicure or pedicure is safe, nail salons must adhere to stringent licenses and inspections. Further, hygienic practices such as sterilizing tools, using disposable items where possible, and maintaining a clean environment are crucial. Clients should look for salons that follow these practices to reduce the likelihood of adverse health consequences.
With regards to the safety of nail products, professional nail technicians should be knowledgeable about which products contain potentially harmful chemicals. For example, the so-called 'toxic trio' - dibutyl phthalate, toluene, and formaldehyde - can be found in some nail products and should be avoided. Technicians should be able to provide alternatives that are safer for both the client and the environment.