Final answer:
Operation Desert Shield was a defensive measure to protect Saudi Arabia from Iraq's potential aggression after the latter invaded Kuwait.
Step-by-step explanation:
Operation Desert Shield was used to protect Saudi Arabia from the threat of Iraqi aggression following the invasion of Kuwait by Iraqi forces. In this operation, a coalition of countries led by the United States deployed troops and surrounded Iraq to prevent any further expansion of Saddam Hussein's aggression. By January 1991, this coalition included ten Islamic nations that dedicated ground forces, alongside nearly two dozen other nations providing military assistance, all united in their effort to protect the sovereignty of Saudi Arabia and other neighboring countries from Iraq's expansionist activities.