Question

Match each compound with the correct mass % of hydrogen (H).

a) Water (H2O)
b) Methane (CH4)
c) Ethanol (C2H5OH)
d) Ammonia (NH3)
Options for matching:
i) 11.11%
ii) 12.50%
iii) 6.25%
iv) 66.67%

Answer 1

To match the mass % of hydrogen for each compound, we calculate the percentage by mass and compare it with the options provided. However, there are inconsistencies between the calculated mass % for methane (25%) and ammonia (17.65%) and the given options, suggesting a possible error in the options or an expectation to choose the closest match.

Step-by-step explanation:

To match each compound with the correct mass % of hydrogen (H), we need to calculate the percentage by mass of hydrogen in each compound and then match them with the given options. Let's perform the calculations for water (H2O), methane (CH4), ethanol (C2H5OH), and ammonia (NH3).

1. Water (H2O): The molecular mass of H2O = (2 * mass of H) + (mass of O) = (2 * 1) + 16 = 18 amu. The mass percent of H in H2O = (2 / 18) * 100% = 11.11%.
2. Methane (CH4): The molecular mass of CH4 = (mass of C) + (4 * mass of H) = 12 + (4 * 1) = 16 amu. The mass percent of H in CH4 = (4 / 16) * 100% = 25%, but this option is not available. However, if we approximate to the nearest options, we get 25% which is not among the provided options. Hence, we have a discrepancy with the available matching options for methane.
3. Ethanol (C2H5OH): The molecular mass of ethanol = (2 * mass of C) + (6 * mass of H) + (mass of O) = (2 * 12) + (6 * 1) + 16 = 46 amu. The mass percent of H in ethanol = (6 / 46) * 100% = 13.04%, which is closest to 12.50% from the given options.
4. Ammonia (NH3): The molecular mass of NH3 = (mass of N) + (3 * mass of H) = 14 + (3 * 1) = 17 amu. The mass percent of H in NH3 = (3 / 17) * 100% = 17.65%, which is closest to 17.65% but again, this exact percentage is not an option. Assuming the closest value, it would be 17.65%, which is not provided in the given options. This represents another mismatch in the available options.

The findings suggest inconsistencies between the calculations and provided options. It is likely that either the options provided contain an error, or the options do not directly match with the calculated percentages for methane and ammonia.