Final answer:
The Fourier transform is a mathematical tool used in Physics to analyze a waveform or function into its frequency components.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Fourier transform is a mathematical tool used in Physics to analyze a waveform or function into its frequency components. It calculates the spectrum of a signal, which represents how much of each frequency is present in the signal. The Fourier transform is commonly used in areas such as signal processing, image analysis, and quantum mechanics.