Final answer:
Meristematic cells in the apical meristem differentiate into other types of plant cells and tissues, responsible for the plant's primary growth in length and its ability to access more light for shoots and more water and minerals for roots.
Step-by-step explanation:
The significance of the meristematic cells that comprise the apical meristem is A) They can differentiate into other types of plant cells and tissues. Meristematic tissues, such as those in the apical meristem, are a key part of plant growth and development. Apical meristems, located at the tips of stems and roots, are responsible for the primary growth of plants, allowing them to increase in length and thus access additional space and resources such as light and minerals.
These meristematic cells are undifferentiated and continue to proliferate throughout the plant's life. They give rise to all specialized tissues of the plant by differentiating into three main types: dermal (protection), vascular (transport), and ground tissue (photosynthesis and support). The apical meristems contribute to plant's survival by enabling growth in essential directions, which allows for the continuation of vital functions such as nutrient transport, photosynthesis, and environmental adaptation.