Final answer:
Gavin Hamilton's 'Andromache Bewailing the Death of Hector' is a Neoclassical artwork from 1764 that reflects the movement's preference for classical inspiration, heroic figures, and polished grandeur. This movement includes artists like David and Ingres, who emphasized heroism, patriotism, and stoicism, with some also integrating a Romantic spirit.
Step-by-step explanation:
The work 'Andromache Bewailing the Death of Hector' by Gavin Hamilton, created in 1764, is a representation of the Neoclassical movement. Neoclassicism emerged as a reaction to the excesses of the Rococo and Baroque styles, looking back to classical Greece for inspiration. Artworks during this time, such as 'Oath of the Horatii' by Jacques-Louis David, often depicted heroic figures in a polished and idealized manner, underscoring the values of heroism, patriotism, and stoicism.
These Neoclassical values are reflected in the portrayal of sobriety and the polished grandeur that characterize Hamilton's depiction of the tragic scene from Homer's Iliad, where Andromache mourns the loss of her husband Hector. Artists of the time, including David and Ingres, conveyed their themes with an emphasis on simplicity and symmetry, echoing their belief in the virtues of ancient Greek and Roman societies. However, artists like Ingres also incorporated a Romantic spirit within the Neoclassical framework by emphasizing emotion and individualism in their works, suggesting a complexity within this movement that encompassed a range of stylistic expressions within its overarching classical aesthetic.