Final answer:
The synaptonemal complex forms after strand exchange to prevent Chromosomal Segregation (C), ensuring that homologous chromosomes remain correctly attached until their separation during anaphase I of meiosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The synaptonemal complex begins to form after strand exchange to prevent Chromosomal Segregation (C).
The synaptonemal complex supports the exchange of chromosomal segments between non-sister homologous chromatids, a process known as crossing over or crossover.
This complex includes protein assemblies called recombination nodules that mark the points of later chiasmata and mediate the crossover process. Following the crossover, the synaptonemal complex breaks down, and the cohesin connection between homologous pairs is also removed. This ensures homologous chromosomes remain paired at specific points called chiasmata until anaphase I of meiosis, enabling proper segregation.