Final answer:
Lactase is the enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose into A. glucose and C. galactose, two monosaccharides that are absorbed into the bloodstream.
Step-by-step explanation:
The enzyme lactase speeds up the breakdown of lactose, which is a disaccharide found in milk, into the two smaller monosaccharides glucose and galactose. The ability to produce lactase decreases in most adults, leading to a condition known as lactose intolerance. During the process of carbohydrate digestion in the duodenum, enzymes such as lactase break down disaccharides into monosaccharides which are then absorbed into the bloodstream.
The enzyme lactase speeds up the breakdown of lactose into two smaller monosaccharides: glucose and galactose.
Lactose, a disaccharide found in milk, is hydrolyzed by the enzyme lactase in the small intestine. Lactase breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, which can be absorbed by the intestinal epithelium and used in metabolic pathways to harness energy.
Therefore, the correct answers are: A. Glucose and C. Galactose.