Final answer:
Max Weber is the sociologist who emphasized that individuals' beliefs and values shape society through social interaction, contrasting with Karl Marx's focus on class struggle and Émile Durkheim's functionalist approach.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sociological thinker who claimed that people's beliefs and values shape society and is the basis of the social-interaction approach is Max Weber. Weber argued that individual actions are what constitute society and that these actions are shaped by various social structures such as class, status, and power. His perspective contrasts with Karl Marx's focus on class struggles as the driving force of societal change, and with Émile Durkheim's functionalism which sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.