Final answer:
Social-exchange analysis is the theory that social life is driven by each person's perceived gains or losses from their interactions, placing it at the micro-level of sociological study.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that states that social life is guided by what each person stands to gain or lose from the interaction is known as a. Social-exchange analysis. Social-exchange analysis is the theory that states that social life is guided by what each person stands to gain or lose from the interaction. It focuses on the individual's evaluation of the benefits and costs involved in social interactions.
This theoretical framework analyzes social behavior in the terms of a series of exchanges. Individuals in social interaction aim to maximize rewards and minimize costs. This perspective aligns with the micro-level of sociological investigation, focusing on individual interactions and the personal benefits or consequences of those interactions, rather than the macro-level perspectives of structural functionalism and conflict theory.